Troubling physical and emotional symptoms that occur between the
time of ovulation and the first days of the menstrual period are called
premenstrual symptoms. Premenstrual symptoms that interfere with relationships
or responsibilities are called premenstrual syndrome (PMS).
PMS has a wide variety of physical, emotional, and behavioral
symptoms that vary greatly from woman to woman and from cycle to cycle.
Symptoms may range from mild to severe. The most common physical symptoms of
PMS are water retention, breast tenderness, and weight gain. Common emotional
and behavioral symptoms include depression, irritability, and mood
swings.
While there is no cure for PMS, many women can improve their
symptoms by getting regular exercise, eating a healthy diet, limiting alcohol
and caffeine intake, and reducing stress. Nonprescription pain relievers can
help reduce some symptoms. Prescription medications may be necessary for women
who have severe PMS that significantly interferes with their lives on a regular
basis.
